ANALYSIS of market the Internet the providers

Perspektivnost'В  of business the Internet providers (business with respect to the guarantee of access into the Internet) is obvious. It is possible to recall about the stunning increase in the policy of the actions of Internet- companies, millionaires - the yesterday's nedouchivshikhsya students so forth you will say that all this - "there". Thus far - yes. But anywhere we, even with our notorious mental'nost'yu, will not disappear. Sooner or later, everything we will be there. On this and subsequent pages is conducted the story about how to become provider. If this interests you, then consider that the majority of providers "earn additionally" by the services of Web- design, i.e. they create Web sites, place them on their servers. If you decide to study provayderstvom, then be directed can along three "roads".

First "road" - road. Passage on it costs least of all ($y—y,shch of thousand).

Essence of the company of Internet provider - to organize access to the network for several ten clients, united under local network. Version this cheap, but it nemasshtabiruyemyy, but access will be not best.

Second "road" - highway. Passage stands $13-18 thousand here you you will already connect clients to ATS along the analog channels. The possibility of an increase in your network will appear. The quality of access will become better.

Third "road" - superhighway. Passage stands narrower $16-25 thousand communication channels with ATS will be used digital. Therefore will grow considerably both the potential capacity of your network and the speed of access for the clients. The signs of mass demand for the services of the Internet appeared in 1996. Since then, in spite of any economic cataclysms, the Internet -prova1derstvo according to all indices stably increases revolutions. If we proceed from a quantity of providers and Web- it is main, yearly this market grows by 50-70 %.

The special feature of provayderskogo market became the fact that it was created exclusively with the efforts of particular companies with the complete absence of state support and budgetary infusions. Therefore this business was seriously developed only in the places, where there was an effective demand - large cities. Problems with the qualitative connection in the distant village became the second not less important reason for territorial misalignment in the development of the Internet.

Today with business the Internet providers increasingly more frequently begin to be occupied companies from the adjacent regions of IT- industry - producers PK, the operators of different it is specific connection and even agency of real estate. This diversification makes possible for them to strengthen basic business, selling the Internet to it "into the load".

From other side, noticeably were activated foreign investors. In this situation the possessor of several ten thousand dollars cannot design for the fact that he with their aid can become the provider of national scale. However, to occupy worthy place in the number of small or average - it is completely possibly. But in the regions to yet late even not pretend to the first roles.

PROJECT ON BASIS OF THE LOCAL NETWORK

Today many beginning the Internet providers assume that it is best anything (but cheaper - so it is already accurately) to begin this activity from the small project in the connection to the network of its neighbors on the multi-apartment house (or leaseholders of one building). It will be required a little for this design of equipment. First, the personal computer (will approach average efficiency technique for $600-800, although is better pomoshchneye). In the second place, net map and cable equipment for organizing the local network (precisely through it to you they will be connected clients). Price of unproductive net map - two or three ten dollars, plus still so many will leave to the purchase of cable and adapters. Thirdly, for the connection to the provider of upper level it is necessary to purchase telephone modem ($50-150). However, takeing into account the possible expansion of the number of clients, it is possible be oriented to immediately toward the high-speed modem by productivity, for example, 115 kbit/s (from $200). Then still it is necessary to purchase adapter to it (from $100).

Users had to acquire the same net pay and cable equipment for the connection of their computers.

Expenditures for the purchase of equipment in the implementation of this diagram are $700-1200. But taking into account that the computer and modem in such cases frequently has already been located, and net maps can be used, then real kopecks will be sufficient. For positioning entire equipment of sufficiently working table in the separate room.

For clients also it is not necessary strongly to be expended. Expenditures for the purchase of cheap net map and cable laying approximately the same (but that it is less, if apartment next) as to the purchase of unnecessary in this case telephone modem.

On software also it is possible to save. First, in this diagram the part of the allowed by provider services usually is transferred on the provider of upper level, and there is no need by program to support specific net servers (domain names, news, mail, etc.). True, this approach more strongly loads external channel. In the second place, the majority of the packets of popular FOR for constructing the Internet- servers on UNIX- platform free. But billingovuyu system it is possible completely to not use - the price of access for all subscribers is usually established by united.

For provider it is necessary also to be spent on the purchase of external channel.

Minimum requirement - commutated connection for a good provider with the unlimited access. This pleasure will manage to $100… however this solution little acceptably, since the connection along the commutated channel, most likely, it will periodically vomit, your excessive appetites will not be pleased to the provider of upper level. Yes even telephone line it is better to use according to the straight designation.

Therefore it is better to immediately organize "vydelenku" on the same modem.

The lease of a constant channel 28,8 kbit/s in provider stands $200-250 per month plus $100-250 singly with the connection.

If necessary to legalize business particular enterprise can be registered with the domestic address of owner. Calculations with the clients can be carried out through the departments of bank - then cashier and cash register is not necessary. If monthly abonplata of users is $30-40 per month with this diagram, project becomes profitable already with 15-20 clients, and with 30 clients compensability begins through several months. True, 30 users - this practically limit for the networks of this level - in one house to collect more than desiring is complex, but to pull network into the adjacent houses is not allowed the limitation of local network. Moreover during the construction of network with a quantity of users of more than 30 it is necessary to pass from the cheap diagram on the coaxial cable to somewhat more expensive on the beaten pair.

First costs for the creation of minimum provayderskogo business compose $1-1.5 thousand plus monthly expenditures for the payment of the services of telephone operator, the provider of upper level, the payment of personnel (1-2 people) and the lease of small accomodation will compose $400-750.

This form of provayderstva collects revolutions. Today almost each large provider will name several its clients, who resell its services according to this diagram. To the popularity of this business contributes also the ease of withdrawal into the shadow and the deviations from the taxes.

PROJECT ON THE BASIS OF ANALOG ACCESS To ATS

To remove the limitations of local network to the number of users is possible only by one way - after resorting to the services of communications men. This is already serious business, and to here without the legalization not manage. And requirements for the equipment here others.

Will be required several (two or three) computers for positioning of server -marwrutizatora, servers of domain names, post, WWW -, proxy- server, billingovoy system and the like one additional computer is necessary for the office works. Technology must be productive, reliable, have the large disk space (tens Of gbayt), it is desirable with the redundancy. Expenditures for computers will compose $3-4 thousand furthermore, is necessary modem counter. They are produced in execution, multiple 16. Therefore 16 telephone modems - this is the minimum, from which there is sense to begin this project. Moreover under the conditions of our telephone impassable road (especially in the regions) modems will approach not everyone. Prices of the 16- modem counters begin from $1,5 thousand for connecting the modems with the server -marwrutizatorom it will be required adapter - mul'tiportovaya pay. This equipment (for example, the pay of Russian firm Sgopukh) can cost $800. Will be required switchboard for connecting marshrutizatora with the local network of provider - still several hundred dollars. Still hundred- other - to the cable equipment and the net trifles. The presence of the device of the uninterrupted nourishment (still several hundred dollars) is very important.

If besides subscribers, dozvanivayushchikhsya to the provider on the common telephone, there are other clients on the high-speed chosen lines, will be required the high-speed modems and the corresponding adapter (still several hundred usd). Furthermore, will be required the device of high-speed access to the provider of the upper level (still several hundred usd)

Expenditures for technology in the implementation of this diagram can strongly vary depending on the selected equipment (in THE CIS represented many producers, who propose net equipment in the broad price band). On the average they can compose $8-11 thousand.

On obtaining of telephone channels with the number of existing modems (plus at least one telephone for the office) it is necessary to negotiate with the telephonists. However, very frequently do not have any the local telephone "princlings" of free numerical power, especially if they most are intended to render the services of access to the network in the region chosen by you. In this case there are two ways - to search for approaches to the "princlings" or to search for of particular telephone operators. The second approach for the beginning providers is frequently more productive. In any event the telephones will manage almost in $3 thousand.

External channel for this project to more preferably have digital. The providers, which have 16 commutated channels and several chosen lines usually buy the channel with a productivity of 128-256 kbit/s. It will manage $300-500 with the registration plus monthly $1,3-2,8 of thousand.

Another minimum $1-2 of thousand they will be required for the equipment for placement and purchase of the minimum of furniture, $1-2 thousand will go to different unforeseen expenditures. In order not to chase clients into the department of bank, to acquire rather well by cash register and to register it (still several hundred dollars). Furthermore, it is necessary to consider expenditures for the registration of enterprise and demonstration of accomodation to the fire and other controlling bodies.

Thus, the single expenditures for this diagram of provayderskogo business will compose $13-18 thousand monthly expenditures they include the payment of telephone channels, the time of operating time on the line, the payment of external channel, the expenditures for lease and the content of accomodation of two-three rooms, wage of personnel (4 people), advertisement they will compose $3-4,5 thousand.

The relationship of the number of telephone lines of provider and number of its clients - 1:10, which is considered as the good index. In other words, this 16- modem project makes it possible to design for 160 clients. If they are bring to provider on $25-30 per month, then the profitability of project will compose 6-35 % (majority of providers they converge on number 30 %).

PROJECT ON THE BASIS OF DIGITAL ACCESS To ATS

A drawback in the diagram with the analog access to ATS is its insufficient masshtabiruyemost', and also limitations of poskorosti of access. Limit of the productivity of telephone modem to the transfer - 33,6 kbit/s. In order to dostich' larger index, for provider it is necessary to establish digital equipment of access.

The realization of the diagram of digital access is possible only in the case of the connection of provider to digital ATS. On it all lines of access are united into the digital flow, which by the digital line is transferred to the knot of provider (which, in the ideal, is placed in the building ATS). Four-wire digital line unites information from 30 telephone channels under it. This is that minimum of input lines, from which there is sense to begin this business.

Line is connected by it to the apparatus server of the remote access. The price of this technology depends on producer and functional possibilities and begins from $200 for the port, i.e. server to 30 telephone channels stands from $6 thousand. In this diagram will be required another marshrutizator (its price it can comprise from several hundred to several thousand dollars), which it will make it possible to connect to the knot of the users, that work along the chosen line, and also the external channel (or several channels). Of course for each chosen line must be its device of access - telephone or high-speed modem. Expenditures for this technology and to the creation of computer network the same as for the analog access to ATS.

Altogether to the equipment with this the schematic of provayderskogo knot it is necessary to spend $12-16 thousand lease of 30 telephone channels in the line to it on the valuations of communications men it will manage approximately into $1 thousand singly plus of 1 thousand monthly. The external channel (it will be required 256 or 512 kbit/s) will manage into $300-500 singly pluses $2,6-5,6 of thousand monthly.

The equipment of accomodation, the equipping of office will manage in so many as during the organization of analog access.

All expenditures for this provayderskuyu diagram will compose $16-25 thousand singly plus of $6-9.5 thousand monthly. If 300 clients on the average bring to provider $30-35 (taking into account of larger productivity and quality of connection, than in the preceding case), then profitability in this case will compose 25-30 %.

TECHNOLOGIES

Standard diagrams of construction of provayderskikh described above it is main they by no means exhaust entire variety of the possible diagrams of their realization. But some common special features are characteristic of all diagrams used.

With the selection ATS, to which will be connected the knot of provider, it is necessary to consider its type (on the obsolete analog technology, especially prewar ten-step type, something and to think about the quality of connection) and distance from ATS of the assumed clients. If provider is intended to render the services of access at the speed of 56 kbit/s, he does not have alternative - to be oriented is necessary exclusively to digital ATS. The majorities of the particular operators of connection allow today this possibility, increasingly more digital ATS appears also in "ukrtelekoma". It is better to take series (multichannel) telephone - this somewhat more expensive, but will make it possible to more uniformly load input lines and will facilitate life to client.

Modems for the remote access cannot be cheapest. Besides the poor quality of connection, unimportant reliability they can be incompatible with some forms of program and apparatus guarantee. Equipment for constructing the knot among other requirements must satisfy one very important - masshtabiruyemosti. A constant increase in the market only yr will for sure after require its modernization. And better immediately a little to overpay than for the trifle to then sell technology and to buy new.

Software, utilized by providers, in is essence free. The freely extended UNIX- such operating systems (FreeBSD, Linux) equipped more than 90 % provayderskikh it is main. These operating systems can be freely purchased on the market, free of charge "skachat'" from the Internet, where there are also many reference information (for example, with addresses www. freebsd. org or www. freebsd. org. ru). However, for the cheapness ON the low need for the resources it is necessary to pay by the complexity of administration. Indeed very not many rated specialists, capable of disposing servers under UNIX. And such services cost dearly. Therefore sometimes it is more advantageous to stop at the paid platform Windows nt/2000, than to search for unique programmer. Therefore portion Windows in the solutions of providers grows.

The diagram of the payment of access by users will determine the load of knot, the value of income from one client and in the final analysis - success of business. Access (unlimited) unlimited on the time stand $30-70 per month (there are also quarterly, half year and annual privilege diagrams). According to some estimations, the users conduct in the network to 15-16 it is hour per month. This is greater than in THE USA. Therefore provider more greatly is interested in the periodic form of payment. Many providers not at all have tariff plans with the unlimited access. Different intermediate diagrams are the extended compromise. The mixed form of payment includes the cost of the specific quantity of "free" it is hour, and exceeding limit is evaluated according to the increased tariff. The payment of traffic (quantity transmitted data) providers (with rare exception) for the end users do not practice.

External channel besides the productivity is characterized by a quantity of intermediate points of commutation, by the location of entrance point into the "thick" foreign cable, by the physical type of carrier and the like channel with the satellite segment stands somewhat more cheaply. It is considered that it is less reliable than ground-based: according to the statistics, is somewhat hour in the year the satellite access it is closed "on the weather". However, ground-based segment frequently contains many points of intermediate commutation, which decreases reliability not less than the weather. The schematic of the payment of external channel must be selected on the basis of the nature of the load of channel created by clients. If it is strongly uneven, it is better to use pogigabaytnuyu payment. If load uniform, better approaches the payment of the guaranteed passband or payment for the percent share of the load of channel. With the partial use of a channel abonplata can be reduced more than doubly. For example, the lease of channel 64 kbit/s with the average load to 20 % costs $300 per month, with the load from 20 % to 40 % each percentage of load stands $8, from 40 % to 60 % - $9, from 60 % to 100 % - $10.

PERSONNEL

In the simplest the schematic of the construction of provayderskogo knot on basis of local network entire personnel can consist of one person, especially if clients obtain all services from the provider of higher level. Diagrams with the remote access through ATS assume work in the enterprise of at least 3-5 people.

The leader of project can be occupied besides other by questions of advertisement and marketing.

System administrators (1-2 people) must master the habits of the administration of network. The specialist, who has the practical experience of tuning and control of local network, is necessary to this post.

Furthermore, is necessary specialist in the technical support, capable of rendering aid to users in the solution of problems with the access. It is desirable so that the system administrator and the specialist in the technical support would have higher education.

Bookkeeper on the pluralism can fulfill duties of cashier and office- manager.

On THE NEED FOR A CONSTANT EXPANSION OF THE BUSINESS

The experience of long observation of this business with side speaks that a constant increase in the demand for the services of access to the Internet gives specific character to provayderskomu business. Provider is forced always to enlarge its business - to increase the number of input lines, to increase the productivity of external channel, to modernize equipment, to develop new services. At that time profitability will be very high.

Is here given only exemplary business plan the Internet provider. In order to compose business plan the Internet provider taking into account the special features of your business, be turned to the specialists.