Business is the plan of building - analysis of the market
Thus far people buy and sell apartments, and house-building combines pass to the operation of the houses, hardly suitable for the life of normal person, small decoration firms will not remain without the work. Only in Moscow the yearly revolution of the market for repair and construction services - 1,5 billion dollars

Bright times of the "black" business
Business on finishing and repairing the apartments existed even when even they did not dream about private property and enterprise in the country. Then in order to replace tile in the tank or to whiten ceiling, tenants hired on the nearest building or through the familiar masters or the entire brigades.
With the offensive of market times the "specialists for the repair" could legalize. Some for ten with the small of years knew how to create solid firms. But someone so continues to work "on the old ways" - it is unofficial. However, the principles of the work of firms, which have licenses, they differ little from those, whom license does not have and never not it will be. As builders, recognize in the unofficial conversations, this business as was black, so also remained the same in 90% of cases. Nalogoviki on the apartments walk not will, but the volume of works consider there is no possibility: all calculations occur by nalom.
It is how much now repair and construction firms in Russia - no one accurately undertakes to calculate. By hypothesis of Aleksey vas'kov, general director of firm "East- system", only in Moscow of them not less than five thousands but work is sufficient to all.
- we reject the insufficiently interesting proposals, it asserts Aleksey Sidorov, director of construction company "sveall". - this only after crisis all was sufficient at any orders and on any prices. But in Moscow it now appears as many new houses, that the situation for our business is extremely favorable.
Composing business the plan of building, consider the national special features of the construction site
In Moscow it is yearly raised by approximately 2,5 millions. sq. is meter new constructions without the finishing and about 1,5 million. sq. is meter social dwelling with the simplest finishing. Furthermore, yearly change their masters of 70 thousand apartments of "second market" (average metric area of apartment - 60 square meters). Certainly, some new settlers for purposes of savings prefer to make independently or with the aid of the friends and familiar, but these not more than 5%. As a rule, people buy apartment not to the last money, embedding the specific means to the repair and the change of situation. Plus of work to maintenance crews adds "routine repair", in which once every 7-10 years requires each apartment.
Now, depending on quality, the repair of one square meter stands in Moscow from $50 to $150. Thus, if we accumulate and to multiply all these numbers, it turns out that the yearly revolution of the capital market for repair and construction services composes $1,5 billion.
Today, in comparison with the fact that it was created years the fifth-sixth back, construction sector can be named completely civilized. Earlier in it acted the laws of murderous capitalism: there was primitive "kidalovo" (clients, partners and workers), and "divorce" of customers for the round sums.
As assumed owner of one of the companies, that wished to remain unknown, "to third of the most successful repair firms began their business precisely from similar machinations, in essence deceiving its plodders". This was done thus: to the building they brought disenfranchised Moldavians, Ukrainians or Tadzhiks, promising gold mountains. The moment of payment with them constantly was drawn off - only by periodically worker they tossed up money so that those would not die to hunger. But they exported for the city, intimidated after the completion of their building and they released. If one considers that the fund for the remuneration for labor comprises to 60% of fare, and paid to guest workers not more than 2%, then money thus it was possible to economize big enough.

Before writing business the plan of building, you will be determined with the concept of your business, and then already develop business the plan of building taking into account the financial side of concretely your company.
Three classes of the repair
Repair usually is divided into three qualitative categories: cosmetic, economy-class and lux.
- the concept "Euro-repair" already became obsolete, although, until now, on the habit, it is used in the advertisement, says Aleksey vas'kov. - the most qualitative repair is called "lux".
Is lower than anything the cost of "cosmetic" - on the average $50 for sq. m. for these money are done the simplest works, which impart to accomodation the external gloss: the gluing of wall-papers, the white-washing of ceiling, the replacement of glazed tile tile. "lux" stands $100-$150. In the course of this repair the builders give absolutely correct geometry to walls, completely equalize ceilings and hems and use the best materials for the finishing. The golden mean occupies the "housekeeper" ($70-80 for 1 square meter), whose lower cost is formed due to reduction in the labor expense of operations. For example, is equalized not entire wall, but only 20 cm from below and on top, which creates the visibility of correct geometry.

- it is most profitable to make class "housekeeper", asserts Aleksey vas'kov. - time and labor expenses he requires less than lux, but he stands more expensively than "cosmetic".

The algorithm of the fulfillment of order is such. After the bell of potential client to it free of charge leaves the work superintendent or estimator (if it is necessary, subsequently to them it is joined architect). They explain on the spot the required volume of works and they approximately estimate cost. Then estimate with the detailed enumeration of necessary materials and labor expenses is drawn up. If sum arranges customer, works begin three days after the signing of agreement.

- the majority of small firms works without the storage, directly, under the concrete order, reaching materials from the market. But if volumes reach some level, then storage becomes profitable, making it possible to buy materials wholesale, advises Azamat Of khasanov from the firm "creative workshop of interior".
- first at the object appear slomshchiki, whose task - to lay mezhkkomnatnye partitions and generally everything which interferes, says Aleksey vas'kov. - this most are low-paid workers, during the day obtaining on 300 rubles. Their basic tool - sledge hammer. Frequently by this descendants from the countries of the former USSR are occupied, but I usually assign on the work of its friend- students, who desire to earn extra money.
Therefore do not forget to introduce into the business the plan of building a question of cadre policy.
By the way, 90% of repair "offices" do not have a constant staff of workers, who sit on the payment. Their labor is paid by the job. For example, "East- system" he collaborates on a constant basis with 80 workers all necessary in the building specialties. This completely is sufficient in order "to conduct" simultaneously several orders. It is worthwhile to appear for new customer - it suffices to make a bell, for example, to house-painter- plasterer or to plitochniku, and that is tomorrow prepared to leave for work.
But Azamat Of khasanov honestly acknowledged that for the simplest operations sometimes it is necessary to draw workers from the adjacent building: "are occupied by this practically all".
Now Moscow does not experience deficiency in the builders. But firms, which value their reputation (but it directly it depends on quality), try not to use the services of visiting guest workers.
- you will approach on the construction market the person, who advertises his services on the pasteboard table, and ask: how much does cost apartment with the highest fineness? It answers - 120 dollars for the square meter! - says Aleksey vas'kov. however, - i.e., valuation in them practically "firm", guarantee - none. Although with clear lower decks we also rarely use the services of "construction souteneurs" for the search for workers. True, then "strange" workers must be checked in the matter. Otherwise they can spoil materials.
After slomshchikov to the object come narrow specialists - plasterers, plitochniki, parquet-layers, electricians, sanitary engineering. Sometimes are encountered working- specialists, who combine immediately several, as a rule of those related, specialties, for example plitocnik- sanitation engineer.
- on one apartment it can consecutively work to 20 people, he says Aleksey Sidorov. - this makes it possible to ensure practically conveyor accuracy.

Time and the money
Drobav'te into the business the plan of building the problem of the seasonality of this business.
A quantity of orders sufficiently strongly changes during the year, traditionally increasing by late spring and in summer, and during December approaching zero - almost no one zatevayet the repair before the new year.

Usually to finishing of "three rubles" according to the class of "luxes" be required three months, "dvushka" it is done for two - this with the daily work with one output. More rapid it is not obtained already at least because the specific technological operations must be carried out in a strict sequence, with the specific temporary interruptions. a "cosmetic" can be made, also, in one-and-a-half weeks (for the one-room apartment), moreover with a minimum quantity of people. The repair of "economy-class" lasts only longer.
Recently many firms try to pass to the fulfillment of cheap works. Responsibility is there lower than with of "lyuksovom" repair, and a quantity of orders, which can be carried out during the identical period of time, higher several times.
- the different types of works have completely different profitability. Most advantageous we on our construction slang call "sweet", he says Aleksey Sidorov. - to similar they relate the installation of conditioners, Thermopanes, electrician. In them the profit can reach to 50%. For example, the installation of one rosette or switch costs in Moscow $8, dolbezhka of toothing (channel in the wall for the cable laying) - $2-3 more for the linear meter.
- it at first glance seems that the valuations to some forms of works are small, explains Aleksey vas'kov, but in reality, for example, in the "three rubles" complete "separation" electricians will manage to customer into thousands of dollars. From such small punktikov is added completely decent estimate. Therefore to us it is profitable to hold electrician in the state - per month we pay to it $800, to the equipment of one apartment in it it departs day 3-4, and it brings to the firm of per month not one thousand dollars.
Very advantageous include also sanitary-engineering works - now even master- individuals do not take less than $50 for the installation of toilet, shell or polotentsesushitelya.
The scrap remains one of the most advantageous operations: with the small expenditures for the remuneration for unskilled labor it can bring to several hundred percent of profit. The pair of workers in one apartment in the day they can break walls to $100.
But here tile and painter works are located on the face of compensability. For example, for the square meter pilings of tile customer pays $10-12. Cheaply costs malyarka - from $3 to $10. But many firms do not reject to color even is somewhat it is meter wall. After this customer it is possible to persuade to make something also, if it remains contented by quality.

On the benefit of the decency
Studying business the plan of building,  uchityvyayte and the nepredvidenye expenses, which are not avoided in the sphere of services.
Such that the customer would remain completely it was contented, is sufficiently rarely.
- although small, blemishes occur always. All their normal builders correct without questions and for their calculation: reputation is more expensive, is recognized itself Azamat Of khasanov.
According to Aleksey Sidorov, the most common problem - to be packed in the stipulated period.
- sometimes it is happened as follows: electrician finished his part of the work in time, necessary to start house-painters, and they were begun to operate on other object. It is possible, of course, to invite people from the side, but this applied and unknown how it will end, it is necessary to await, until its is freed.
Practically in all builders in the agreement there is a point about the penal sanctions for the disturbance it is timetable, although it at first seems that it is better to manage without it. The fact is that if the size of penalty is not fixed documentary, customer can produce for claim on any sum. As a rule, penalty composes 0,5% of the sum total of estimate in each day of delay. In this case the sum total of payments cannot exceed 10%.
According to the byvalykh builders, there is many methods of the "separation" of customer, but, if firm arrived for the market in earnest and for a long time, no one advises to use them. That to work to honor is more advantageous, proves Aleksey Sidorov's example:
- in 1999 me invited the new customer, in whom in the ceiling there were the niches with the established massive lamps. It was necessary simply to make a smooth ceiling, for which the customer intended to for some purpose concrete lamps, although sufficient it was to cover entire gipsokartonom. When 4 to it this it explained, it astonished, after saying that 4 the first, who thought not about his, but about its money, after foregoing the additional profit. Since then it became our permanent client, and these money repeatedly "repulsed".
However, practically all are occupied by small additions in the reasonable limits.
- how much accurately will be required bags with the same cement, customer never will understand, says Aleksey vas'kov, first whether 16, then whether 18. Even we sometimes cannot predict this accurately: in the process of work frequently float up some additional problems. So that even of the purposes of precaution is better to be insured, after entering in the estimate at least to 10% more materials, than it is required.

In the searches for the customers
Business the plan of building is unthinkable without the point about the advance of services for the market
Basic clients of otdelochnikov - tenants, who recently entered into the new constructions. For this very reason repairmen direct their basic advertising efforts into the constructed new regions. According to the owners of firms, the majority of orders they obtain due to the propagation on the new houses of advertising booklets.
- to us to 80% of customers they come according to the recommendation, asserts Azamat Of khasanov. - rest 20% - through the Internet. Frequently it is so that we make some apartment, neighbors see that the work occurs well, and they also become our customers.
But here there is no benefit from the advertisement in the press. According to Aleksey Sidorov, several declarations, which its firm placed in the specialized newspapers, gave not one customer. Booklets, the Internet and personal contacts - the very sure ways to state about itself.

Does how much cost entrance ticket?
the competently comprised business the plan of building after the analysis of market is always turned to a question of the initial and subsequent investments.
Investments into the repair and construction firm can be very modest. Basic - to find customers and qualified masters. At first it is possible to manage, also, without the office.
- now the threshold of entry into our business begins from $10 thousand, it counts Aleksey Sidorov. - of them $3 thousand will leave to orgvoprosy (registration, obtaining license), approximately $5 thousand will require the purchase of professional tool (drills, perforator, stepladders, screwdrivers, etc.). Plus of money to the purchase of machine. Without "gazeli" with difficulty it is necessary even for smallest firm. Now the lease of strange "Gazeli" bypasses into 200 rubles an hour to the period not less than 3 it is hour. To pay these money for the transportation of the pair of bags or toilet is too applied.
To some firms it conveys: they overgrow the level of apartment repair, and they entrust to them the alteration of offices. This is more advantageous at least because the office areas often are much more the area of apartments.
And entirely great success - when firm obtains very large corporate order. But this game is conducted already according to other rules. As recognize absolutely all builders, to obtain large order is possible only for the "recoil". Its size, as a rule, comprises to 10% of the estimate.

Is here given only exemplary business the plan of building. In order to compose business the plan of building taking into account the special features of your business, be turned to the specialists.